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  1. E-quick package
  2. Economy package
  3. Premier package
  4. Deluxe package
If you are thinking about setting up a business, and need it done quickly and easily with no additional requirements, then this package is the perfect choice.
This package is a cheap and efficient way to begin business, and includes the provision of a registered office address in London for the duration of one year.
This package is a not expensive and efficient way to begin business, and includes the provision of a registered office address in London and a nominee secretary for the duration of one year.
This package is one of the most cost effective and the efficient way to start a UK company, which includes a registered office address in London, a nominee secretary, and a nominee director for the duration of one year.
E-quick*
£32.00
Economy
£82.00
Premier
£207.00
Deluxe
£557.00
Private company limited by shares
No Annual Charges
Private company limited by shares
Annual Fee From: £50.00
Private company limited by shares
Annual Fee From: £175.00
Private company limited by shares
Annual Fee From: £525.00
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Further information

Private Company Limited by Shares:

  • A private company limited by shares in England and Wales must have at least one director, one shareholder, and may have a secretary.

  • You need at least one person to form this type of company. If there is only one director, and that director is a natural person in your company, that director can also act as the secretary.

  • A company must have at least one director who is a natural person. This requirement is met if the office of director is held by a natural person as a corporation sole or otherwise by virtue of an office.

  • You can register a sole director' company, if you are familiar with the secretaries duties and responsibilities, because all of them belongs to a sole director.

  • The directors and secretary of your company can also be shareholders.

  • The Companies Act imposes no restriction on the minimum age of company directors. However Companies House will actively discourage the appointment of anyone under the age of 16 from taking up a company directorship on the grounds that the individuals concerned may not fully understand the legal liabilities that go with the position and for the most part will not have the experience necessary to perform the duties of a company director.

  • Under the Companies Act 2006, there is no restriction on any or all of the members/shareholders being from an overseas country (i.e. outside the United Kingdom in terms of residency, domicile, citizenship, place of incorporation or all or any of those concepts).

  • There is no requirement for the officers of your company to be UK citizens or residents, nor for them to hold valid work permits.

  • Owning, or being an officer of a UK company does not, however, grant you any right to live or work in the UK if you are a foreign national.

  • Your company must have a registered office address within England or Wales; this is the official address of your company and will be on the public record as such.

  • Your company must hold its official company documents at its registered office address: its register of shareholders, and its constitutional documents.

  • So long as you maintain a registered office address in England or Wales, you can conduct your business from any place in the world: you do not have to run your business from your registered office address.

  • Coddan offers company formation, ready-made company registration for UK limited companies. We offer electronic filing enterprises & registering corporation services. In addition to business registrations, we offer trademark registration, shareholder agreements, toll-free numbers, telephone answering, virtual office and company searches for UK limited companies. You are an accountant for whom company establishment is a frequent activity or an individual ordering your first company registrations. Start a company by incorporating or forming a LTD, PLC or LLP at Coddan. Learn about incorporation & how to incorporate your business online: register a business name, company registration, business registration numbers, company house web filing - business name registration check. Whether you start-up online, register London business or form a corporation Scotland, we can help you understand the business start-up process for filing LTD United Kingdom.
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    Incorporate or form an LLC – online: company registrar United Kingdom, limited company formations & corporation registration, electronically LLC online, very easy and informative. In addition to private companies Great Britain, we offer trademark registration, shareholder agreements, 0870 numbers, telephone answering, virtual office and company searches for English companies. Information to help start, grow or manage a small business. If you are starting a business Edinburgh or starting own business Northern Ireland, read our starting business Republic of Ireland guide. Home business and small business training and ideas site to help you start Belfast, grow, and expand a home-based business or search for the work at home job right. An outline of the general steps for incorporation in Great Britain, explaining how to incorporate your business Dublin, from choosing where to incorporate your business. UK ready-made company formation services and company registrations online, our offices keep a stock of ready made companies, and would be happy to supply details on request. We offer offshore ready-made companies in different jurisdictions, readymade offshore companies also called as offshore shelf companies, shelf off-shore companies for sale: starting applying for a business name, business name registration partnership, grants for starting a business and starting a business from home.
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    Open company same-day and offshore setting-up services using our online starting-up service for Limited Liability Company Offshore companies. Start enjoying the tax benefits and personal liability protection that forming a corporation or Limited Liability Company (LLC) provides. Offshore company incorporation, offshore checking and offshore saving accounts, offshore time deposits, offshore mutual funds, offshore money market accounts and offshore asset protection provided by Coddan. Company formations, limited company formations, electronic incorporations, company formation agents, paperless company registrar, electronic companies filing, United Kingdom limited company, setting corporation Ireland, business incorporation Scotland, open company England, London company registration, electronic companies filing, British companies registrars, business consultants, company law, public limited company, plc, international companies, ltd, inc, limited liability, enterprise, organization, organization, tax, taxation, England, firm, partnership, trade, profession, contractors, business, private limited company, limited by shares, ready-made companies, readymade company, aged company, off the shelf company, shelf companies list.
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    Specializes in company registration and secretarial services. Provides list of shelf company, services and cost quotation, business name registration, company house direct, starting a business - sole trader business registration.

    This is actually a pretty good reason to incorporate in Delaware or Nevada. In fact, you could be a foreigner from Lebanon, never setting foot on American soil, form a Delaware corporation and no one would know who you are! However, many states will require the owners and/or officers and/or directors information while operating in that state (as a foreign corp.). Besides, how many small businesses require anonymity? Incorporate, incorporation, incorporating, incorporation services, incorporating services, incorporate Wyoming business online, incorporating Oregon business, New York LLC formation, Louisiana limited liability corporation, Texas articles of incorporation, Florida company incorporation, California non profit corporation, corporate name search offshore, BVI corporate name availability, Seychelles corporate name registration.
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    Learn about incorporation services UK and incorporate London online: starting your own business, business ideas, starting a business on ebay or buying a business with legal requirements for starting a business. Online England company formations, online company London W1 formation, Glasgow formation agent, Liverpool formations agent, Scottish companies house, forming a company Scotland, starting a business Wales, form a limited company Oxford, United Kingdom business registration agents, online Great Britain company registration. E-Business, small business, business structures defined: the limited liability company business structures defined: the limited liability company IRS treatment of the one-member LLC. An LLC with only one member / owner is automatically considered to be a sole proprietorship unless an election is made to be treated as a corporation. Thus, the sole member of an LLC will file (Form 1040), (U.S. Individual Income Tax Return), ideas for starting a business, grants for starting a business, starting a business from home, starting your own business - business ideas, starting a business on ebay, buying a business: legal requirements for starting a business, ideas for starting a business.
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    A business may be conducted by a company as an entity in its own right and comes into existence by incorporation under companies legislation which also regulates the running of the company and sets out the duties of its officers. In recent years trading trusts have been commonly used as the structure for carrying on a business with their main objective of tax minimization. A trust requires a trustee to act on behalf of a trust and it has been preferable to have a company newly incorporated to act as the trustee as it is believed that this limits the liability of the trust to the paid-up capital of the Trustee Company. A trust is formed by a gift or settlement being made to the trustee on behalf of the, as yet unformed, trust. A solicitor draws up a Trust Deed setting out the powers and formalizing the administration of the trust. The trust has beneficiaries rather than shareholders as in a company, who are entitled to distributions of capital and/or income and these distributions, are controlled by the trustee.
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    The distribution made to beneficiaries are subject to income tax as part of their personal income and are liable for provisional tax on these distributions. Citizens and residents of other countries may incorporate in the United Kingdom through the standard incorporation procedures set forth by each state. Provides UK company formations, trademark registration, registered office facilities and company secretary services. Professional company formation, register your company online, we may establish new business at one day. An online guide to starting up and expanding your business.
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    This is one of our most popular packages with worldwide customers, and includes: -

  • EQUICK-4 zvezdy :-****
  • Pomeniat' sro4no. Eto economy4 zvezdy. -

  • ECooonooomyy-4 zvezdy :-****
  • Premier blablabla 4 zvezdy. -

  • premier-4 zvezdy;)
  • Our Deluxe package is a fast and easy option, it is ideal for the UK, EU, and international small to medium businesses who wish to appoint a nominee director and a nominee secretary in order to maintain the anonymity of the real owner, and it includes: -

  • Incorporation of your company from scratch using one of our registered office addresses in London, our nominee director and nominee secretary. We can appoint your own candidate(s) to the role of shareholder(s), or you can appoint a nominee sharholder provided by Coddan;
  • The standard capital on formation is £1.00, this is divided into 1.00 ordinary share valued at £1.00 (a minimum of one share must be issued);
  • The formation of a limited company usually takes as little as four to six hours from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;
  • The government fee for incorporation is included in the price of this package;
    • The provision of a registered office address for 12 months is included in the price of this package (our registered office address service is charged annually);
    • The provision of a nominee secretary for 12 months is included in the price of this package (our nominee secretary service is charged annually);
    • The provision of a nominee director for 12 months is also included in the price of this package (our nominee director service is charged annually);

    The following two hard bound copies of corporate documents, will be send by post to you upon formation of your private limited company: -

  • A laminated copy of the certificate of incorporation of your company;
  • A hard bound copy of the memorandum and articles of association;
  • A hard bound copy of the minutes of the first meeting of directors;
  • Share certificates, and your company register;
  • The general power of attorney signed by a nominee director;
  • Pre-signed, undated resignation letter from a nominee director;
  • The agreement for the provision of nominee service and indemnification of nominee.
  • 2 zdezda deluxe. -

  • 2 zdezda deluxe)
  • 3 zdezda deluxe. -

  • 3 zdezda deluxe
  • 4 zdezda deluxe -

  • 4444444
  • This is our most popular package with the UK residents, and includes: -

  • The registration of your company from scratch using your own registered office address, and appoint your own candidates to the roles of director, secretary (if needed), and shareholder;
  • The standard capital on formation is £1.00, this is divided into 1.00 ordinary share valued at £1.00 (a minimum of one share must be issued);
  • The formation of a limited company usually takes as little as four to six hours from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;
  • The government fee for incorporation is included in the price of this package;
  • The following documents, which need to be printed and signed, will be e-mailed to you upon formation of your company: -

  • A certificate of incorporation (requires PDF file reader);
  • The memorandum & articles of association (requires PDF file reader);
  • The first meeting of the board of directors (requires PDF file reader);
  • Share certificates and a company register (requires PDF file reader).
  • *If you do not have an a valid address in the UK, which can be used as the registered office address for your company, please check our Economy package. The non-UK address cannot be acceptable as the office address for the UK company.

    This is our most popular package with the UK and EU residents, and includes: -

  • The registration your company from scratch using one of our registered office addresses, and appoint your own candidates to the roles of director, secretary (if needed), and shareholder;
  • The standard capital on formation is £1.00, this is divided into 1.00 ordinary share valued at £1.00 (a minimum of one share must be issued);
  • The formation of a limited company usually takes as little as four to six hours from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;
  • The government fee for incorporation is included in the price of this package;
    • The provision of a registered office address for 12 months is also included in the price of this package (our registered office address service is charged annually);

    The following documents, which need to be printed and signed, will be e-mailed to you upon formation of your company: -

  • A certificate of incorporation (requires PDF file reader);
  • The memorandum & articles of association (requires PDF file reader);
  • The first meeting of the board of directors (requires PDF file reader);
  • Share certificates and a company register (requires PDF file reader).
  • This is another one very popular package with worldwide customers, and includes: -

  • The formation of a company limited by guarantee usually takes as little as five to seven working days from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;
  • The incorporation your BVI company limited by guarantee from scratch using our registered agent & registered office address, and appoint your own candidate to the role of a members;
  • The government and initiation fees for incorporation are included in the price of this package;
  • The search for a company name availability, confirmation, and reservation;
  • An original certificate of incorporation
  • A hard bound copy of the memorandum & articles of association
  • The preparation and submission of the memorandum and articles of association;
  • A local registered office address and a local registered agent for 12 months are included in the price of this package (our registered agent & office address service are charged annually);
  • The provision of a nominee director for one year is also included in the price of this package (our nominee director service is charged annually);

  • To receive an original of the certificate of incorporation from the Companies Registrar usually takes as little as two to three days from the time of incorporation.
  • The following hard bound copy of corporate documents, will be posted to you upon formation of your company limited by guarantee: -

  • An original certificate of incorporation;
  • A hard bound copy of the memorandum and articles of association;
  • The minutes of the first meeting of the board of directors;
  • A completed register of directors and members;
  • An elegant printed membership certificates;
  • A pliers seal.
  • The general power of attorney signed by a nominee director (additional fee applies);
  • Pre-signed, undated resignation letter from a nominee director;
  • The agreement for the provision of a nominee service and indemnification of nominee.
  • This is our most popular package with international customers, and includes: -

  • The formation of a company limited by guarantee usually takes as little as five to seven working days from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;
  • The registration your BVI company limited by guarantee from scratch using our registered agent & registered office address, and appoint our own candidates to the role of a nominee director and a nominee member;
  • The government and initiation fees for incorporation are included in the price of this package;
  • The search for a company name availability, confirmation, and reservation;
  • The preparation and submission of the memorandum and articles of association;
  • A local registered office address and a local registered agent for one year are included in the price of this package (our registered agent & office address service are charged annually);
  • The provision of a nominee director for 12 months is included in the price of this package (our nominee director service is charged annually);
  • A completed register of directors and members
  • The provision of a nominee member for 12 months is also included in the price of this package (our nominee member service is charged annually);

  • To receive an original of the certificate of incorporation from the Companies Registrar usually takes as little as two to three days from the time of incorporation.
  • The following hard bound copy of corporate documents, will be posted to you upon formation of your company limited by guarantee: -

  • An original certificate of incorporation;
  • A hard bound copy of the memorandum and articles of association;
  • The minutes of the first meeting of the board of directors;
  • A completed register of directors and members;
  • An elegant printed membership certificates;
  • A pliers seal.
  • Pre-signed, undated letters of resignation from a nominee director and a nominee member;
  • A general power of attorney signed by a nominee director (additional fee applies);
  • A declaration of trust from a nominee member;
  • An indemnity letter for the power of attorney;
  • A nominee agreement which provides for the indemnification of the nominees.
  • This is another one of our most popular packages for small and medium size businesses, such as those being run by a sole director from home, and for companies owned by overseas residents who still need a local registered office address, but would rather not open a local office in the UK;

    This package is often chosen by such customers, who are looking to minimise a sole director' personal liability (and who are not quite familiar with the UK corporate legislation), because this package includes thye provision of a nominee secretary for 12 months. This package is also includes: -

  • The registration your company from scratch using one of our registered office addresses, and appoint your own candidates to the roles of director, and shareholder;
  • The standard capital on formation is £1.00, this is divided into 1.00 ordinary share valued at £1.00 (a minimum of one share must be issued);
  • The formation of a limited company usually takes as little as four to six hours from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;
  • The government fee for incorporation is included in the price of this package;
    • The provision of a registered office address for 12 months is included in the price of this package (our registered office address service is charged annually);
    • The provision of a nominee secretary for 12 months is also included in the price of this package (our nominee secretary service is charged annually);

    The following hard bound copy of the corporate documents, will be send by post to you, upon formation of your private limited company: -

  • A laminated copy of the certificate of incorporation of your company;
  • A hard bound copy of the memorandum and articles of association;
  • A hard bound copy of the minutes of the first meeting of directors;
  • Share certificates, and your company register.
  • This is another one very popular package with worldwide customers, and includes: -

  • The formation of a limited partnership usually takes as little as five to seven working days from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;
  • The incorporation your BVI offshore limited partnership from scratch using our registered agent & registered office address, and appoint your own candidate to the role of a general partner;
  • The government and initiation fees for registration are included in the price of this package;
  • The search for a limited partnership name availability, confirmation, and reservation;
  • The preparation and submission of the partnership agreement;
  • A local registered office address and a local registered agent for 12 months are included in the price of this package (our registered agent & office address service are charged annually);
  • The provision of a nominee limited partner for one year is also included in the price of this package (our nominee limited partner service is charged annually);

  • To receive an original of the certificate of incorporation from the Companies Registrar usually takes as little as two to three days from the time of incorporation.
  • The following hard bound copy of corporate documents, will be posted to you upon formation of your offshore company: -

  • An original certificate of incorporation;
  • A hard bound copy of the partnership agreement;
  • The minutes of the first meeting of the board of partners;
  • A completed register of partners;
  • An elegant printed membership certificates;
  • A pliers seal;
  • The general power of attorney signed by a nominee limited partner (additional fee applies);
  • Pre-signed, undated resignation letter from a nominee limited partner;
  • The agreement for the provision of a nominee service and indemnification of nominee.
  • This is our most popular package with international customers, and includes: -

    This is our most popular package with international customers, and includes: -

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    Organization Structures Business, Incorporate Your Business Online, Incorporation Services at Affordable Prices, Learn About Incorporating and How to IncorporateSetting up a Business in United Kingdom, Incorporatin Business, Forming an LLC, Incorporate online in Delaware, Nevada, London, Florida, New YorkCompany UK Formation, Online UK Company Formation Agents, Plus a Wide Range of Ready-Made Companies Available and Vintage CompaniesWhat are the Advantages of Incorporation? You Can Now Form Your UK Limited Company Online Using Our Company Registration AgentHow Do I Get Started With the Registration Process? Company Formation & Registration of Offshore Companies Incorporation ServiceUK Limited Company Formation and Offshore Companies Incorporation Service, We Provide Online New Company Formations and Offshore Readymade CorporationSetting up a Business in United Kingdom, Cheap IBC Incorporation Offshore Anonymous Banking Internet Offshore Bank AccountUK Company Formation, Online Company Registration Agent Offering Same-Day Company Formation, Business BankingServices Include Companies Formation and Administration, Trademark, Intellectual Property, Company Search ServicesAn On-Line Resource to Setting-Up a Private Limited Company Without Hiring a Solicitor or Formation AgenStarting a Business Information, Advice and Information for Starting a New Business in the UK Including UK Business Start-UpHelp in Starting Up a Business Up-to-Date Advice and Strategies, Start Your Own Business and Gain Your Independence!Incorporate a Business in Any State, London, Glasgow, Form an LLC, Conduct a Trademark Search OnlineSmall Business Resources for Starting a Small Business, Small Business Marketing
    Capital Allowances Act 2001
    2001 Chapter 2 - continued

    back to previous text
     
     CHAPTER 12
     SHIPS
     
    Pooling and postponement of allowances
    127    Single ship pool
     
         (1) Qualifying expenditure incurred on the provision of a ship for the purposes of a qualifying activity, if allocated to a pool, must be allocated to a single asset pool (a "single ship pool").
     
         (2) Subsection (1) is subject to the exceptions given in section 128 and any election under section 129 to use the appropriate non-ship pool.
     
         (3) In this Chapter "the appropriate non-ship pool", in relation to a ship, means the pool to which the expenditure incurred on the provision of the ship would be allocated, or would have been allocated, apart from this Chapter.
     
    128    Expenditure which is not to be allocated to single ship pool
     
         (1) The expenditure is not to be allocated to a single ship pool if the ship is provided for leasing unless-
     
     
      (a) the ship is not used for overseas leasing at any time in the designated period, or if it is, is used only for protected leasing, and
     
      (b) it appears that the ship will be used for a qualifying purpose in the designated period and will not be used for any other purpose at any time in that period.
         (2) The expenditure is not to be allocated to a single ship pool if the qualifying activity for the purposes of which the ship is provided is special leasing of plant or machinery.
     
         (3) In subsection (1) "leasing", "overseas leasing", "protected leasing", "qualifying purpose" and "designated period" have the same meaning as in Chapter 11 (overseas leasing).
     
    129    Election to use the appropriate non-ship pool
     
         (1) A person who has incurred qualifying expenditure on the provision of a ship may, by an election made for a chargeable period, allocate to the appropriate non-ship pool-
     
     
      (a) all or a part of any qualifying expenditure that would otherwise be allocated to a single ship pool, or
     
      (b) all or a part of the available qualifying expenditure in a single ship pool.
         (2) An election under this section must be made by notice given to the Inland Revenue-
     
     
      (a) for income tax purposes, on or before the normal time limit for amending a tax return for the tax year in which the relevant chargeable period ends;
     
      (b) for corporation tax purposes, no later than 2 years after the end of the relevant chargeable period.
         (3) "The relevant chargeable period" means the chargeable period for which the election is made.
     
    130    Notice postponing first-year or writing-down allowance
     
         (1) A person who is entitled to a first-year allowance for a chargeable period in respect of qualifying expenditure on the provision of a ship may, by notice, postpone all or part of the allowance.
     
         (2) A person who is entitled to a writing-down allowance for a chargeable period in respect of qualifying expenditure allocated to a single ship pool may, by notice, postpone all or part of the allowance.
     
         (3) A notice under this section must specify the amount postponed.
     
         (4) A notice under this section must be given to the Inland Revenue-
     
     
      (a) for income tax purposes, on or before the normal time limit for amending a tax return for the tax year in which the relevant chargeable period ends;
     
      (b) for corporation tax purposes, no later than 2 years after the end of the relevant chargeable period.
         (5) "The relevant chargeable period" means the chargeable period for which the person is entitled to the allowance.
     
         (6) If a person entitled to a first-year allowance in respect of qualifying expenditure on the provision of a ship claims the allowance in respect of part of the expenditure, subsection (1) applies to the allowance claimed.
     
         (7) If a person entitled to a writing-down allowance in respect of qualifying expenditure allocated to a single ship pool requires the allowance to be reduced to a specified amount, subsection (2) applies to the allowance as so reduced.
     
    131    Effect of postponement
     
         (1) If a person gives notice in respect of a chargeable period under section 130-
     
     
      (a) the allowance is withheld or withdrawn to the extent that it is postponed, but
     
      (b) sections 57 to 59 (calculation of available qualifying expenditure) apply as if the allowance had been made to the person without any postponement.
         (2) On making a claim, the person is entitled to have all or part of a postponed first-year allowance made to him as a first-year allowance for one or more subsequent chargeable periods in which he is carrying on the qualifying activity.
     
         (3) On making a claim, the person is entitled to have all or part of a postponed writing-down allowance made to him as a writing-down allowance for one or more subsequent chargeable periods in which he is carrying on the qualifying activity.
     
         (4) The total amount of any first-year allowances made under subsection (2) or writing-down allowances made under subsection (3) must not exceed the amount of the postponed allowance in question.
     
         (5) A writing-down allowance made under subsection (3) is ignored for the purposes of section 59 (unrelieved qualifying expenditure).
     
         (6) The fact that a postponed writing-down allowance is claimed for a chargeable period does not affect entitlement to, or the amount of, any other writing-down allowance to which the person is otherwise entitled for that chargeable period.
     
         (7) A postponed allowance is not, merely because of the postponement, included in the reference in section 403ZB(2) of ICTA (group relief) to an allowance or amount carried forward from an earlier period.
     
    132    Disposal events and single ship pool
     
         (1) A person is required to bring a disposal value into account in a single ship pool if the ship-
     
     
      (a) is provided for leasing, and
     
      (b) begins to be used otherwise than for a qualifying purpose within the first 4 years of the designated period.
         (2) If any disposal event (including one under subsection (1)) occurs in relation to a single ship pool-
     
     
      (a) the available qualifying expenditure in the single ship pool is allocated, for the chargeable period in which the event occurs, to the appropriate non-ship pool,
     
      (b) the disposal value must be brought into account as a disposal value for that chargeable period in the appropriate non-ship pool, and
     
      (c) the single ship pool ends without a final chargeable period and without any liability to a balancing charge arising.
         (3) Subsections (1) and (2) apply even if, as a result of an election under section 129, some of the qualifying expenditure on the provision of the ship has been allocated to the appropriate non-ship pool.
     
         (4) In subsection (1) "leasing", "qualifying purpose" and "designated period" have the same meaning as in Chapter 11 (overseas leasing).
     
    133    Ship not used
     
         (1) This section applies if-
     
     
      (a) a person has incurred qualifying expenditure on the provision of a ship for the purposes of a qualifying activity, and
     
      (b) the ship ceases to be owned by the person without having been brought into use for the purposes of the qualifying activity.
         (2) Any writing-down allowances that have previously been made in respect of qualifying expenditure in the single ship pool (or which have been postponed) must be withdrawn.
     
         (3) The amount of any writing-down allowances withdrawn under subsection (2) is allocated, for the chargeable period in which the person ceases to own the ship, to the appropriate non-ship pool.
     
         (4) Any adjustments required by this section are in addition to any adjustments required under section 132 (disposal events and single ship pool).
     
     
    Deferment of balancing charges
    134    Deferment of balancing charges: introduction
     
         (1) Sections 135 to 156 enable a balancing charge that arises when there is a disposal event in respect of a ship to be deferred and attributed to qualifying expenditure on another ship.
     
         (2) In this Chapter "the deferment rules" means sections 135 to 156.
     
    135    Claim for deferment
     
         (1) A person ("the shipowner") who is liable to a balancing charge for a chargeable period may claim deferment of all or part of the charge if-
     
     
      (a) in the chargeable period there is a disposal event ("the relevant disposal event") in respect of a ship ("the old ship"),
     
      (b) the old ship-
     
        (i) was provided for the purposes of a qualifying activity carried on by the shipowner, and
     
        (ii) was owned by the shipowner at some time in the chargeable period, and
     
      (c) the conditions in section 136 are met.
         (2) The amount which may be deferred is subject to the limit in section 138.
     
         (3) For income tax purposes, a claim for deferment must be made on or before the normal time limit for amending a tax return for the tax year in which the relevant chargeable period ends.
     
         (4) "The relevant chargeable period" means the chargeable period for which the shipowner is liable to the balancing charge.
     
         (5) For corporation tax purposes, Part IX of Schedule 18 to FA 1998 applies in relation to the making of a claim for deferment as it applies in relation to the making of a claim for an allowance.
     
    136    Further conditions for deferment
     
     The conditions referred to in section 135(1)(c) are that-
     
     
      (a) the relevant disposal event is of a kind mentioned in section 61(1)(a) to (d) (cessation of ownership, loss, abandonment, destruction etc. of ship),
     
      (b) the old ship was a qualifying ship immediately before the relevant disposal event,
     
      (c) the shipowner has not incurred a loss in respect of the qualifying activity for the chargeable period for which he is liable to the balancing charge, and
     
      (d) no amount in respect of the old ship has been allocated to-
     
        (i) the overseas leasing pool,
     
        (ii) a single asset pool under section 206 (plant or machinery provided or used partly for purposes other than those of the qualifying activity),
     
        (iii) a single asset pool under section 211 (payment of partial depreciation subsidy), or
     
        (iv) a pool for a qualifying activity consisting of special leasing.
    137    Effect of deferment
     
     A claim for deferment is given effect by allocating the amount deferred, for the chargeable period in respect of which the claim is made, to the appropriate non-ship pool.
     
    138    Limit on amount deferred
     
         (1) The amount deferred must not exceed the smallest of the following amounts-
     
     
      (a) the amount of any balancing charge which, if the claim for deferment had not been made, would have been made for the chargeable period for which deferment is claimed in the appropriate non-ship pool;
     
      (b) the amount given by section 139 (amount taken into account in respect of the old ship);
     
      (c) the amount which is, or is expected to be, the amount of expenditure on new shipping incurred-
     
        (i) by the shipowner or, if the shipowner is a company, by another company which is a member of the same group at the time when the expenditure is incurred, and
     
        (ii) within the period of 6 years beginning with the relevant disposal event;
     
      (d) the amount of the shipowner's profits or income from the qualifying activity for the chargeable period for which deferment is claimed.
         (2) In determining profits or income for the purposes of subsection (1)(d)-
     
     
      (a) any other amounts deferred under section 135 are to be taken into account, and
     
      (b) any amounts brought forward under section 385 or 393 of ICTA (losses) are to be disregarded.
    139    Amount taken into account in respect of old ship
     
         (1) The amount taken into account in respect of the old ship for the purposes of section 138(1)(b) is-
     
     
      (a) amount A, if no election has been made under section 129 (election to use appropriate non-ship pool) in respect of any of the qualifying expenditure incurred on the provision of the ship, or
     
      (b) amount B, in any other case.
         (2) Amount A is the amount which falls to be brought into account as a disposal value in the appropriate non-ship pool under section 132(2)(b) as a result of the relevant disposal event, less the available qualifying expenditure allocated to the appropriate non-ship pool under section 132(2)(a).
     
         (3) Amount B is-

    DV - (QE - WDA - FYA)

    where-

    DV is the amount of the disposal value required to be brought into account in respect of the old ship,

    QE is all the qualifying expenditure incurred in respect of the old ship,

    WDA is the maximum amount of any writing-down allowances which (on the assumptions in subsection (4)) could have been made in respect of that qualifying expenditure for chargeable periods up to (but not including) the one in respect of which the claim for deferment is made, and

    FYA is the total of any first-year allowances actually made or postponed in respect of the old ship.
     

         (4) The assumptions are that-
     
     
      (a) all the qualifying expenditure in respect of the old ship is (and has always been) allocated to the appropriate non-ship pool, and
     
      (b) no other qualifying expenditure has been allocated to that pool.
         (5) If an election is made under section 129 (election to use appropriate non-ship pool) after the determination under this section of the amount taken into account in respect of the old ship, the amount is, and is treated as always having been, amount B and not amount A.
     
     
    Attribution of deferred amounts
    140    Notice attributing deferred amounts to new expenditure
     
         (1) The shipowner may, by notice to the Inland Revenue, attribute all or part of an amount deferred under section 135 to expenditure on new shipping.
     
         (2) An amount attributed under this section is attributed to an equal amount of the expenditure on new shipping.
     
         (3) Subsection (1) is subject to subsections (4) and (5) and section 141 (deferred amounts attributed to earlier expenditure first).
     
         (4) Subsection (1) applies only if the expenditure on new shipping is incurred-
     
     
      (a) by the shipowner or, if the shipowner is a company, by another company which is a member of the same group at the time when the expenditure is incurred, and
     
      (b) within the period of 6 years beginning with the relevant disposal event.
         (5) An amount may be attributed to expenditure on new shipping only to the extent that amounts have not already been attributed to it under this section.
     
         (6) A notice given in respect of expenditure incurred by another company does not have effect unless the other company joins the shipowner in giving it.
     
    141    Deferred amounts attributed to earlier expenditure first
     
         (1) No part of an amount deferred under section 135 is to be attributed to the whole or a part of any expenditure on new shipping ("the current expenditure") if there is other expenditure ("the earlier expenditure") which-
     
     
      (a) was incurred before the current expenditure but at the same time as or after the relevant disposal event,
     
      (b) was incurred by the shipowner or, if the shipowner is a company, by another company which was a member of the same group at the time the earlier expenditure was incurred, and
     
      (c) is expenditure on new shipping, or would be treated as such but for an election under section 129 (election to use appropriate non-ship pool),
     unless the condition in subsection (2) is met in relation to the earlier expenditure.
     
         (2) The condition is that-
     
     
      (a) amounts have been attributed to all the earlier expenditure under section 140, and
     
      (b) the attributions have been made in the case of the amount deferred and any other amounts deferred under section 135 as a result of disposal events occurring at the same time as or before the relevant disposal event.
    142    Variation of attribution
     
         (1) The shipowner may, by notice, vary an attribution under section 140 (notice attributing deferred amounts to new expenditure).
     
         (2) The notice must be given to the Inland Revenue on or before the time limit for the shipowner to make a claim for deferment in respect of the relevant chargeable period.
     
         (3) For the time limit for making a claim for deferment, see section 135(3) to (5).
     
         (4) For the purposes of subsection (2), it is to be assumed that-
     
     
      (a) the shipowner is liable to a balancing charge for the relevant chargeable period, and
     
      (b) a claim for deferment of that balancing charge can be made for the relevant chargeable period.
         (5) "The relevant chargeable period" means the earliest chargeable period in which expenditure to which the variation relates is incurred.
     
         (6) If the person to whose expenditure the notice relates is not the shipowner, a notice under subsection (1) does not have effect unless the person joins the shipowner in giving it.
     
    143    Effect of attribution
     
         (1) This section applies if a notice is given under section 140 attributing an amount to expenditure on new shipping.
     
         (2) The amount must be brought into account as a disposal value-
     
     
      (a) for the chargeable period in which the expenditure is incurred, and
     
      (b) in the single ship pool to which the expenditure is allocated.
    144    Amounts which cease to be attributable
     
         (1) This section applies if-
     
     
      (a) an amount has been deferred under section 135, and
     
      (b) circumstances arise in which any part of the amount ceases (otherwise than by being attributed) to be attributable.
         (2) The shipowner is assumed not to have been entitled to defer so much of the amount as ceases to be attributable.
     
         (3) For the purposes of this section an amount is attributable if it may be attributed to expenditure on new shipping in accordance with section 140.
     
    145    Requirement to notify where no entitlement to defer amounts
     
         (1) This section applies if-
     
     
      (a) an amount has been deferred under section 135, and
     
      (b) circumstances arise that require the shipowner to be treated as if he was not entitled to defer all or part of the amount.
         (2) The shipowner must give notice of the fact to the Inland Revenue, specifying the circumstances.
     
         (3) The notice must be given no later than 3 months after the end of the chargeable period in which the circumstances first arise.
     
         (4) An assessment to tax chargeable as a result of the circumstances may be made at any time in the period which-
     
     
      (a) begins when those circumstances arise, and
     
      (b) ends 12 months after the shipowner gives notice of them to the Inland Revenue.
         (5) Subsection (4) applies in spite of any limitation on the time for making assessments.
     
     
    Expenditure on new shipping
    146    Basic meaning of expenditure on new shipping
     
         (1) For the purposes of the deferment rules, expenditure on the provision of a ship is expenditure on new shipping if the conditions in subsection (3) are met.
     
         (2) Subsection (1) is subject to sections 147 to 150.
     
         (3) The conditions are that-
     
     
      (a) the expenditure is qualifying expenditure incurred by a person wholly and exclusively for the purposes of a qualifying activity carried on by him,
     
      (b) when the expenditure is incurred, it appears that the ship will-
     
        (i) be brought into use for the purposes of the qualifying activity as a qualifying ship, and
     
        (ii) continue to be a qualifying ship for at least 3 years after that, and
     
      (c) the expenditure is allocated to a single ship pool.
    147    Exclusions: ship previously owned
     
         (1) Expenditure on the provision of a ship is not expenditure on new shipping if the person who incurred the expenditure-
     
     
      (a) has already owned the ship in the period of 6 years ending with the time when he first owns it as a result of incurring the expenditure, or
     
      (b) was connected at a material time with a person who owned the ship at any time during that period.
         (2) For this purpose a material time is-
     
     
      (a) the time when the expenditure was incurred, or
     
      (b) any earlier time in the 6 year period beginning with the relevant disposal event.
    148    Exclusions: object to secure deferment
     
     Expenditure on the provision of a ship is not expenditure on new shipping if the object, or one of the main objects, of-
     
     
      (a) the transaction by which the ship was provided for the purposes of a qualifying activity carried on by the person who incurred the expenditure,
     
      (b) any series of transactions of which that transaction was one, or
     
      (c) any transaction in such a series,
     was to secure the deferment of a balancing charge under section 135.
     
    149    Exclusions: later events
     
         (1) Expenditure on the provision of a ship is not, and is treated as never having been, expenditure on new shipping if-
     
     
      (a) at a time during the period mentioned in subsection (2), the ship is not a qualifying ship,
     
      (b) the expenditure is allocated to a pool as a result of an election under section 129 (election to use appropriate non-ship pool), or
     
      (c) section 107 applies in relation to the expenditure (overseas leasing).
         (2) The period referred to in subsection (1)(a) is-
     
     
      (a) the period of 3 years beginning with the time when the ship is first brought into use for the purposes of a qualifying activity carried on-
     
        (i) by the person ("A") who incurred the expenditure, or
     
        (ii) if earlier, by a person connected with A, or
     
      (b) if shorter, the period beginning with that time and ending when neither A nor a person connected with A owns the ship.
    150    Exclusions where expenditure not incurred by shipowner
     
         (1) Expenditure on the provision of a ship is not, and is treated as never having been, expenditure on new shipping if-
     
     
      (a) it is incurred by a company which is a member of the same group as the shipowner at the time when the expenditure is incurred, and
     
      (b) subsection (2) or (4) applies.
         (2) This subsection applies (subject to subsection (3)) if-
     
     
      (a) the ship ceases to be owned by the company before it has been brought into use for the purposes of a qualifying activity carried on by the company, or
     
      (b) a disposal event occurs in respect of the ship within 3 years of its first being brought into use for the purposes of a qualifying activity carried on by the company.
         (3) But subsection (2) does not apply if the event which would otherwise result in that subsection applying is, or is the result of, the total loss of the ship or irreparable damage to it.
     
         (4) This subsection applies if-
     
     
      (a) after the expenditure is incurred, there is a time when the company and the shipowner are not members of the same group, and
     
      (b) if the ship is brought into use for the purposes of a qualifying activity carried on by the company, that time is within 3 years of the ship first being so brought into use.
         (5) A time falling after the total loss of the ship or irreparable damage to it is to be disregarded for the purposes of subsection (4).
     
         (6) In this section "irreparable damage", in relation to a ship, means damage that puts it in a condition in which it is impossible, or not commercially worthwhile, to undertake the repairs required for restoring it to its previous use.
     
     
    Qualifying ships
    151    Basic meaning of qualifying ship
     
         (1) For the purposes of the deferment rules, a ship is a qualifying ship if it is-
     
     
      (a) of a sea-going kind, and
     
      (b) registered as a ship with a gross tonnage of 100 tons or more in a register of shipping established and maintained under the law of any country or territory.
         (2) This is subject to sections 152 to 154.
     
    152    Ships under 100 tons
     
         (1) This section applies if the relevant disposal event is, or results from-
     
     
      (a) the total loss of the old ship, or
     
      (b) damage to the old ship that puts it in a condition in which it is impossible, or not commercially worthwhile, to undertake the repairs required for restoring it to its previous use.
         (2) A registered ship may be a qualifying ship for the purposes of-
     
     
      (a) section 136(b) (further conditions for deferment), or
     
      (b) sections 146(3)(b) and 149(1)(a) (expenditure on new shipping),
     even if it is not registered as a ship with a gross tonnage of 100 tons or more.
     
         (3) In subsection (2) "registered ship" means a ship registered in a register of shipping established and maintained under the law of any country or territory.
     
    153    Ships which are not qualifying ships
     
         (1) A ship is not a qualifying ship if the primary use to which ships of the same kind as that ship are put-
     
     
      (a) by the persons who own them, or
     
      (b) by others to whom they are made available,
     is use for sport or recreation.
     
         (2) A ship is not a qualifying ship at any time when-
     
     
      (a) it is an offshore installation, or
     
      (b) it would be such an installation if the activity for which it is to be established or maintained were carried on in or under controlled waters.
         (3) "Offshore installation" and "controlled waters" have the same meaning as in the Mineral Workings (Offshore Installations) Act 1971 (c. 61).
     
    154    Further registration requirement
     
         (1) If-
     
     
      (a) a person ("A") has incurred expenditure on the provision of a ship, and
     
      (b) there is a time in the qualifying period, but more than 3 months after the beginning of that period, when the ship is not registered in a relevant register,
     the ship is not a qualifying ship after that time.
     
         (2) The qualifying period is-
     
     
      (a) the period of 3 years beginning with the time when the ship is first brought into use for the purposes of a qualifying activity carried on-
     
        (i) by A, or
     
        (ii) if earlier, by a person connected with A, or
     
      (b) if shorter, the period beginning with that time and ending when neither A nor a person connected with A owns the ship.
         (3) In determining the qualifying period for the old ship, a qualifying activity carried on at any time by a person ("B") is taken to be carried on at that time by a person connected with A if-
     
     
      (a) it is subsequently carried on by A or a person connected with A, and
     
      (b) the only changes in the persons carrying it on between the time that B does so and the time that A or a person connected with A does so are changes in respect of which, under section 113(2) or 343(2) of ICTA, the qualifying activity is not treated as having been discontinued.
         (4) In this section "relevant register" means a register of shipping established and maintained-
     
     
      (a) under the laws of any part of the British Islands, or
     
      (b) under the laws of any country or territory which, at a time in the qualifying period for the ship, is an EEA State or a colony.
         (5) "EEA State" means a State which is a contracting party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area signed at Oporto on 2nd May 1992 as adjusted by the Protocol signed at Brussels on 17th March 1993 (except that for the period before the Agreement came into force in relation to Liechtenstein it does not include the State of Liechtenstein).
     
     
    Deferment of balancing charges: supplementary provisions
    155    Change in the persons carrying on the qualifying activity
     
         (1) This section applies if-
     
     
      (a) a person is carrying on the qualifying activity previously carried on by the shipowner, and
     
      (b) the only changes in the persons carrying on the qualifying activity since the shipowner carried it on are changes in respect of which, under section 113(2) or 343(2) of ICTA, it is not treated as having been discontinued.
         (2) For the purposes of the deferment rules-
     
     
      (a) expenditure incurred by a person mentioned in subsection (1)(a) for the purposes of the qualifying activity is to be treated as incurred by the shipowner, and
     
      (b) in relation to the giving of any notice, a reference to the shipowner is to be read as a reference to the person carrying on the qualifying activity when the notice is given or is required to be given.
    156    Connected persons
     
         (1) For the purposes of the deferment rules a person ("B") is connected with another person ("A") at any time if, at that time-
     
     
      (a) B is connected (in the sense given in section 839 of ICTA) with A,
     
      (b) B is carrying on a qualifying activity previously carried on by A and the condition in subsection (2) is met, or
     
      (c) B is connected (in the sense given in section 839 of ICTA) with a person who is carrying on a qualifying activity previously carried on by A and the condition in subsection (2) is met.
         (2) The condition is that the only changes in the persons carrying on the qualifying activity since A carried it on are changes in respect of which, under section 113(2) or 343(2) of ICTA, the qualifying activity is not treated as having been discontinued.
     
         (3) If expenditure is incurred by a person who is not the shipowner, the persons connected with him at any time include any person connected with the shipowner at that time as a result of subsection (1).
     
     
    Further provisions
    157    Adjustment of assessments etc.
     
         (1) All such assessments and adjustments of assessments are to be made as are necessary to give effect to this Chapter.
     
         (2) Subsection (1) does not apply for the purposes of section 145 (see instead section 145(4) and (5)).
     
    158    Members of same group
     
     For the purposes of this Chapter two companies are members of the same group at any time if they would be treated as members of the same group of companies at that time for the purposes of Chapter IV of Part X of ICTA (group relief).
     
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