Finance Act 2005

This is our most popular package with UK residents, and includes: -

The registration of your company from scratch using your own registered office address, and appoint your own candidates to the roles of director, secretary (if needed), and shareholder;

The standard capital on formation is £1.00, this is divided into 1.00 ordinary share valued at £1.00 (a minimum of one share must be issued);

The formation of a limited company usually takes as little as four to six hours from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;

The government fee for incorporation is included in the price of this package;

The following documents, which need to be printed and signed, will be emailed to you upon formation of your company: -

A certificate of incorporation (requires PDF file reader);

The memorandum & articles of association (requires MS-Word file reader);

The first meeting of the board of directors (requires MS-Word file reader);

Share certificates and a company register (requires MS-Word file reader).

E-Quick Package

£ 32.00

No Annual Charges

The Deluxe limited company package is a fast and easy option, it is ideal for the UK, EU, and international small to medium businesses who wish to appoint a nominee director and a nominee secretary in order to maintain anonymity, and it includes: -

Incorporation of your company from scratch using one of our registered office addresses in London, our nominee director and nominee secretary. We can appoint your own candidate(s) to the role of shareholder(s), or you can appoint a nominee sharholder provided by Coddan;

The standard capital on formation is £1.00, this is divided into 1.00 ordinary share valued at £1.00 (a minimum of one share must be issued);

The formation of a limited company usually takes as little as four to six hours from the time that your application and payment are received by Coddan;

The government fee for incorporation is included in the price of this package;

The provision of a registered office address for 12 months is included in the price of this package (our registered office address service is charged annually);

The provision of a nominee secretary for 12 months is included in the price of this package (our nominee secretary service is charged annually);

The provision of a nominee director for 12 months is also included in the price of this package (our nominee director service is charged annually);

The following two hard bound copies of corporate documents, will be posted to you upon formation of your company: -

A laminated copy of the certificate of incorporation of your company;

A hard bound copy of the memorandum and articles of association;

A hard bound copy of the minutes of the first meeting of directors;

Share certificates, and your company register;

The general power of attorney signed by a nominee director;

Pre-signed, undated resignation letter from a nominee director;

The agreement for the provision of nominee service and indemnification of nominee.

Deluxe Package

£ 557.00

Annual Maintenance Fee £525.00

A private company limited by shares in England and Wales must have at least one director, one shareholder, and may have a secretary.

You need at least one person to form this type of company. If there is only one director, and that director is a natural person in your company, that director can also act as the secretary.

A company must have at least one director who is a natural person. This requirement is met if the office of director is held by a natural person as a corporation sole or otherwise by virtue of an office.

You can register a sole director' company, if you are familiar with the secretaries duties and responsibilities, because all of them belongs to a sole director.

The directors and secretary of your company can also be shareholders.

The Companies Act imposes no restriction on the minimum age of company directors. However Companies House will actively discourage the appointment of anyone under the age of 16 from taking up a company directorship on the grounds that the individuals concerned may not fully understand the legal liabilities that go with the position and for the most part will not have the experience necessary to perform the duties of a company director.

Under the Companies Act 2006, there is no restriction on any or all of the members/shareholders being from an overseas country (i.e. outside the United Kingdom in terms of residency, domicile, citizenship, place of incorporation or all or any of those concepts).

There is no requirement for the officers of your company to be UK citizens or residents, nor for them to hold valid work permits.

Owning, or being an officer of a UK company does not, however, grant you any right to live or work in the UK if you are a foreign national.

Your company must have a registered office address within England or Wales; this is the official address of your company and will be on the public record as such.

Your company must hold its official company documents at its registered office address: its register of shareholders, and its constitutional documents.

So long as you maintain a registered office address in England or Wales, you can conduct your business from any place in the world: you do not have to run your business from your registered office address.

Legal Requirements to Register an LTD

(click here for other packages)

Finance Act 2005

2005 Chapter 7 - continued

PART 2, INCOME TAX, CORPORATION TAX AND CAPITAL GAINS TAX - continued

back to previous text

CHAPTER 7

AVOIDANCE INVOLVING PARTNERSHIP

Partners: restrictions on relief

Removal of restrictions on interest relief

(1) In section 117 of ICTA (restriction on interest relief and loss relief for limited partners)-

(a) in subsection (1)-

(i) omit "353,", and

(ii) in paragraph (a) omit ", or of interest paid by him in connection with the carrying on of a trade,",

(b) in subsection (2), in the definition of "the aggregate amount"-

(i) omit "353,", and

(ii) in paragraph (a) omit ", or of interest paid by him in connection with carrying it on,", and

(2) In section 118ZB of that Act (limited liability partnerships: restriction on relief), in subsection (2) omit ", or interest paid by him in connection with the carrying on of a trade,".

(3) In section 118ZE of that Act (restriction on relief for non-active partners), in subsection (1) omit "353," and ", or interest paid by him in connection with the carrying on of a trade,".

(4) In section 118ZF of that Act (meaning of "the aggregate amount"), in subsection (1) omit "353," and ", or of interest paid by him in connection with carrying it on,".

(5) In section 118ZG of that Act (meaning of "the individual's contribution to the trade"), in subsection (2)(b)(ii) omit "353," and ", or of interest paid by him in connection with carrying it on,".

(6) In section 118ZJ of that Act (commencement: the first restricted year)-

(a) in subsection (3) omit "353," and ", and interest paid by him in connection with carrying it on,",

(b) in subsection (4)-

(i) omit "the sum of", and

(ii) omit paragraph (b) and the word "and" immediately before it, and

(7) The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to the application of section 117 of ICTA (including that section as applied by section 118ZB of that Act) and section 118ZE of that Act in relation to-

(a) any loss sustained by an individual in a trade, or interest paid by him in connection with the carrying on of a trade, in a year of assessment the basis period for which begins on or after 2nd December 2004, and

(b) any post-announcement loss sustained by an individual in a trade, and any post-announcement interest paid by him in connection with the carrying on of a trade, in a straddling year of assessment.

(8) For the purposes of this section-

"basis period" means the basis period given by Chapter 15 of Part 2 of ITTOIA 2005, as applied by section 853 of that Act, except that the basis period for a year of assessment to which section 199(1) of that Act applies is to be taken to be the period beginning with the date when the individual first carried on the trade and ending with the end of the year of assessment;

"post-announcement loss", in relation to a straddling year of assessment, means the loss (if any) sustained by the individual in the trade in the period which-

(a) begins with 2nd December 2004, and

(b) ends with the end of the basis period for that straddling year of assessment;

"post-announcement interest", in relation to a straddling year of assessment, means any interest paid by the individual, in connection with carrying on the trade, in the period which-

(a) begins with 2nd December 2004, and

(b) ends with the end of the basis period for that straddling year of assessment;

"straddling year of assessment" means a year of assessment the basis period for which begins before and includes 2nd December 2004.

(9) In the definition of "post-announcement loss" in subsection (8), the reference to the loss sustained by the individual in the trade in a period is a reference to his share of any losses of the partnership arising for that period from the trade, and-

(a) the losses of the partnership arising for that period from the trade are to be computed in the same way as if the period were one for which profits and losses had to be computed for the purposes of section 849 of ITTOIA 2005, and

(b) the individual's share of the losses is to be determined according to his interest in the partnership during that period.

(10) In subsection (9) the references to "the partnership" are to the partnership as a member of which the individual carries on the trade.

(11) In relation to years of assessment which are before the year 2005-06, subsections (7) to (9) have effect as if-

(a) in subsection (8) for the definition of "basis period" there were substituted-

""basis period" means the basis period given by sections 60 to 63 of ICTA as applied by section 111(4) and (5) of that Act, except that the basis period for a year of assessment to which section 61(1) of that Act applies is to be taken to be the period beginning with the date when the individual first carried on the trade and ending with the end of the year of assessment;", and

(b) the reference in subsection (9)(a) to section 849 of ITTOIA 2005 were a reference to section 111(2) of ICTA.

(12) The amendments made by this section are deemed to have come into force on 2nd December 2004.

Meaning of "contribution to the trade"

(1) After section 118ZM of ICTA insert-

	"Partners: meaning of "contribution to the trade"
118ZN	Partners: meaning of "contribution to the trade"
	(1) This section applies for the purposes of the application of any of the following provisions ("the relevant provisions")-
	(a) section 117 (restriction on relief for limited partners),
	(b) that section as applied by section 118ZB in relation to a member of a limited liability partnership, and
	(c) section 118ZE (restriction on relief for non-active partners),
	to an amount which may be given to an individual under section 380 or 381 in respect of a relevant loss sustained by him in a trade ("the relevant trade").
	(2) The Board may by regulations provide that, for those purposes, any amount of a description specified in the regulations is to be excluded when computing the amount of the individual's contribution to the relevant trade at any time for the purposes of the relevant provisions.
	(3) Regulations under this section may-
	(a) make provision having effect before the date on which the regulations are made,
	(b) make such supplementary, incidental, consequential or transitional provision as appears to the Board to be necessary or expedient, and
	(c) make different provision for different cases or different purposes.
	(4) The provision mentioned in subsection (3)(b) may include provision amending or repealing any provision of an Act passed before the passing of the Finance Act 2005.
	(5) No regulations may be made under this section unless a draft has been laid before and approved by a resolution of the House of Commons.
118ZO	Meaning of "relevant loss" in section 118ZN
	(1) For the purposes of section 118ZN a "relevant loss" means-
	(a) a loss sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in a year of assessment the basis period for which begins on or after 2nd December 2004, or
	(b) a post-announcement loss sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in a straddling year of assessment.
	(2) For the purposes of this section-
	"basis period" means the basis period given by Chapter 15 of Part 2 of ITTOIA 2005, as applied by section 853 of that Act, except that the basis period for a year of assessment to which section 199(1) of that Act applies is to be taken to be the period beginning with the date when the individual first carried on the relevant trade and ending with the end of the year of assessment;
	"post-announcement loss", in relation to a straddling year of assessment, means the loss (if any) sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in the period which-
	(a) begins with 2nd December 2004, and
	(b) ends with the end of the basis period for that straddling year of assessment;
	"straddling year of assessment" means a year of assessment the basis period for which begins before and includes 2nd December 2004.
	(3) In the definition of "post-announcement loss" in subsection (2), the reference to the loss sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in a period is a reference to his share of any losses of the partnership arising for that period from the trade, and-
	(a) the losses of the partnership arising for that period from the trade are to be computed in the same way as if the period were one for which profits and losses had to be computed for the purposes of section 849 of ITTOIA 2005, and
	(b) the individual's share of the losses is to be determined according to his interest in the partnership during that period.
	(4) In subsection (3) the references to "the partnership" are to the partnership as a member of which the individual carries on the relevant trade.
	(5) In relation to years of assessment which are before the year 2005-06, this section has effect as if-
	(a) in subsection (2) for the definition of "basis period" there were substituted-
	""basis period" means the basis period given by sections 60 to 63 as applied by section 111(4) and (5), except that the basis period for a year of assessment to which section 61(1) applies is to be taken to be the period beginning with the date when the individual first carried on the trade and ending with the end of the year of assessment;", and

(b) the reference in subsection (3)(a) to section 849 of ITTOIA 2005 were a reference to section 111(2) of this Act."

(2) In section 117 of ICTA (restriction on relief for limited partners) at the end add-

"(5) This section is subject to provision made by regulations under section 118ZN (partners: meaning of "contribution to the trade")."

(3) In section 118ZC of ICTA (meaning of the contribution to the trade of a member of a limited liability partnership) at the end add-

"(5) This section is subject to provision made by regulations under section 118ZN (partners: meaning of "contribution to the trade")."

(4) In section 118ZG of ICTA (meaning of a non-active partner's contribution to the trade) at the end add-

"(7) This section is subject to provision made by regulations under section 118ZN (partners: meaning of "contribution to the trade")."

(5) The amendments made by this section are deemed to have come into force on 2nd December 2004.

Partners: recovery of excess relief

Recovery of excess relief given under section 380 or 381 of ICTA

(1) This section applies where-

(a) an individual makes one or more claims for relief under section 380 or 381 of ICTA at any time in respect of any relevant losses sustained by him in a trade ("the relevant trade"),

(b) the whole or part of that relief has been claimed against income other than income consisting of profits arising from the relevant trade,

(c) the amount of the relief which could be given against such income was determined in accordance with one or more of the restriction provisions (whether or not any of those provisions prevented any amount of relief being given), and

(d) at any time after the claim or claims mentioned in paragraph (a) has or have been made, a chargeable event occurs in relation to the individual.

(2) The "restriction provisions" are-

(a) section 117 of ICTA (restriction on relief for limited partners),

(b) that section as applied by section 118ZB of ICTA in relation to a member of a limited liability partnership, and

(3) A "chargeable event" occurs in relation to an individual at any time when a relevant decrease in the individual's contribution to the relevant trade occurs which immediately results in-

(a) the total losses claimed (less any reclaimed relief) becoming greater than the individual's contribution to the relevant trade, or

(b) an increase in the amount (if any) by which the total losses claimed (less any reclaimed relief) exceeds the individual's contribution to the relevant trade.

(4) Where a chargeable event occurs in relation to an individual-

(a) the individual is to be treated as receiving at the time of the occurrence of the chargeable event an amount of income equal to the chargeable amount,

(b) that income is not to be treated as profits of the relevant trade and is to be chargeable to income tax for the year of assessment in which the chargeable event occurs, and

(5) The "total losses claimed" means the total amount of any losses sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in any eligible year of assessment to the extent that they are losses-

(a) in respect of which the individual has at any time claimed relief under section 380 or 381 of ICTA, or

(b) that he has at any time claimed as allowable losses under section 72 of FA 1991.

(6) "Reclaimed relief" means the total of the amounts which the individual has been treated as receiving under subsection (4) as a result of the occurrence of any previous chargeable event in relation to the individual in respect of the relevant trade.

(7) The "individual's contribution to the relevant trade" at any time means the amount of the individual's contribution to that trade at that time within the meaning given for the purposes of the relevant restriction provision and computed at that time in accordance with that provision.

(8) The "relevant restriction provision" means-

(a) the restriction provision which applied as mentioned in subsection (1)(c), or

(b) where more than one restriction provision so applied, the restriction provision which so applied to the amount of relief which could be given in respect of the relevant loss which was most recently sustained by the individual in the relevant trade.

(9) A "relevant decrease in the individual's contribution to the relevant trade" occurs when the amount of that contribution becomes, as a result of the application of any regulations made under section 118ZN of ICTA (partners: meaning of "contribution to the trade"), less than the amount it would otherwise be apart from the application of those regulations.

(10) The "amount of the relevant decrease in the individual's contribution to the relevant trade" is the difference between those two amounts.

(11) An "eligible year of assessment" is-

(a) a year of assessment at any time during which the individual carried on the relevant trade as a member of a limited liability partnership or as a limited partner within the meaning given by section 117(2) of ICTA, or

(b) a qualifying year of assessment within the meaning of section 118ZE of that Act.

(12) In sections 75 to 77 references to expressions which are defined in this section are to be construed in accordance with this section.

(13) This section is deemed to have come into force on 2nd December 2004.

Computing the chargeable amount

(1) For the purposes of section 74, the "chargeable amount" is determined by taking whichever is the smallest of amounts A, B and C.

(2) Amount A is the amount of the relevant decrease in the individual's contribution to the relevant trade which constitutes the chargeable event.

(3) Amount B is the amount given by-

(a) taking, at the time immediately after the occurrence of the chargeable event, the amount of the total losses claimed which are relevant losses, and

(b) reducing that amount (but not below nil) by any reclaimed relief at that time.

(4) Amount C is the amount given by-

(a) taking the amount by which, at the time immediately after the occurrence of the chargeable event, the total losses claimed exceed the individual's contribution to the relevant trade, and

(b) reducing that amount (but not below nil) by any reclaimed relief at that time.

(5) This section is deemed to have come into force on 2nd December 2004.

Meaning of "relevant loss"

(1) For the purposes of sections 74 and 75 a "relevant loss" means-

(a) a loss sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in a year of assessment the basis period for which begins on or after 2nd December 2004, or

(b) a post-announcement loss sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in a straddling year of assessment.

(2) For the purposes of this section-

"basis period" means the basis period given by Chapter 15 of Part 2 of ITTOIA 2005, as applied by section 853 of that Act, except that the basis period for a year of assessment to which section 199(1) of that Act applies is to be taken to be the period beginning with the date when the individual first carried on the relevant trade and ending with the end of the year of assessment;

"post-announcement loss", in relation to a straddling year of assessment, means the loss (if any) sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in the period which-

(a) begins with 2nd December 2004, and

(b) ends with the end of the basis period for that straddling year of assessment;

"straddling year of assessment" means a year of assessment the basis period for which begins before and includes 2nd December 2004.

(3) In the definition of "post-announcement loss" in subsection (2), the reference to the loss sustained by the individual in the relevant trade in a period is a reference to his share of any losses of the partnership arising for that period from the trade, and-

(b) the individual's share of the losses is to be determined according to his interest in the partnership during that period.

(4) In subsection (3) the references to "the partnership" are to the partnership as a member of which the individual carries on the relevant trade.

(5) This section is deemed to have come into force on 2nd December 2004.

Transitional provision for years of assessment before the year 2005-06

(1) This section applies in relation to years of assessment which are before the year 2005-06.

(2) Subsection (4) of section 74 has effect as if for "individual- " to the end there were substituted "individual, the individual is to be treated as receiving at the time of the occurrence of the chargeable event annual profits or gains which are of an amount equal to the chargeable amount and are chargeable to income tax under Case VI of Schedule D.".

(3) Section 76 has effect as if-

(a) in subsection (2) for the definition of "basis period" there were substituted-

""basis period" means the basis period given by sections 60 to 63 of ICTA as applied by section 111(4) and (5) of that Act, except that the basis period for a year of assessment to which section 61(1) of that Act applies is to be taken to be the period beginning with the date when the individual first carried on the relevant trade and ending with the end of the year of assessment;", and

(b) the reference in subsection (3)(a) to section 849 of ITTOIA 2005 were a reference to section 111(2) of ICTA.

(4) This section is deemed to have come into force on 2nd December 2004.

Consequential amendments

(1) In section 117(2) of ICTA (restriction on relief for limited partners)-

(a) at the end of the definition of "the aggregate amount" insert-

"less the amount of any reclaimed relief at that time;", and

(b) after that definition insert-

""the amount of any reclaimed relief" at any time means the total of any amounts at that time which the individual has been treated as receiving under section 74 of the Finance Act 2005 (recovery of excess relief given under section 380 or 381) as a result of the application of that section of that Act to him in respect of losses sustained by him in the trade;".

(2) In section 118ZF of ICTA (meaning of "the aggregate amount")-

(a) in subsection (1), after "subsection (2)" insert ", less the amount of any reclaimed relief.", and

(b) after that subsection insert-

"(1A) For the purposes of subsection (1) "the amount of any reclaimed relief" means the total of any amounts which the individual has been treated as receiving under section 74 of the Finance Act 2005 (recovery of excess relief given under section 380 or 381) as a result of the application of that section of that Act to him in respect of losses sustained by him in the trade."

(3) In section 121 of FA 2004 (definition of "the losses claimed")-

(a) at the end of subsection (1) insert-

"less the amount of any relevant reclaimed relief.", and

(b) after that subsection insert-

	"(1A) The "amount of any relevant reclaimed relief" means whichever is the lesser of-
	(a) the total of any amounts which the individual has been treated as receiving under section 74 of the Finance Act 2005 (recovery of excess relief given under section 380 or 381 of the Taxes Act 1988) as a result of the application of that section of that Act to him in respect of losses sustained by him in the trade, and
	(b) the total amount of any film-related losses sustained by the individual in the trade in any eligible years of assessment within the meaning of section 74 of the Finance Act 2005 to the extent that they are losses in respect of which he has at any time claimed relief as described in paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection (1) above."

(4) The amendments made by this section are deemed to have come into force on 2nd December 2004.

Partners benefited by film relief

Meaning of "capital contribution to the trade"

(1) After section 122 of FA 2004 insert-

"122A	Partners: meaning of "capital contribution to the trade"
	(1) This section applies for the purposes of section 119 where an individual makes a relevant claim (within the meaning of subsection (1)(a) of that section) in respect of a film-related loss sustained by him in a trade carried on in partnership ("the relevant trade").
	(2) The Board may by regulations provide that for the purposes of determining under section 119-
	(a) whether an exit event within the meaning of subsection (2)(b) or (c) of that section occurs on or after 2nd December 2004, and
	(b) where such an event occurs on or after that date, the chargeable amount within the meaning of subsection (5) of that section,
	any amount of a description specified in the regulations is to be excluded when computing the amount of the individual's capital contribution to the relevant trade.
	(3) Regulations under this section may-
	(a) make provision having effect before the date on which the regulations are made,
	(b) make such supplementary, incidental, consequential or transitional provision as appears to the Board to be necessary or expedient, and
	(c) make different provision for different cases or different purposes.
	(4) The provision mentioned in subsection (3)(b) may include provision amending or repealing any provision of an Act passed before the Finance Act 2005.
	(5) No regulations may be made under this section unless a draft has been laid before and approved by a resolution of the House of Commons."

(2) In section 121 of FA 2004 (definition of "the individual's capital contribution to the trade") at the end insert-

"(7) This section is subject to provision made by regulations under section 122A (partners: meaning of "capital contribution to the trade")."

(3) In section 123(1) of FA 2004 (definition of "film-related losses") for "and 121" substitute ", 121 and 122A".

(4) The amendments made by this section are deemed to have come into force on 2nd December 2004.

Prepared 11 April 2005


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