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Grant by the court, which assures someone will not face prosecution in return for providing criminal evidence.
Selecting a jury from the list of potential jurors.
Attacking the credibility of a witness.
An attack on the credibility (believability) of a witness, through evidence introduced for that purpose.
To confine in jail.
That which, under the rules of evidence, cannot be admitted or received as evidence.
In a judge's chambers; in private.
Judge's private inspection of a document prior to his or her ruling on its admissibility or use at trial.
Trial or proceeding in a place not open to the public, usually in a judge's chambers.
To restore the victim of a loss, either in whole or in part, by payment of money or repair or replacement of the thing lost.
A special kind of executor, permitted by the laws of certain states, who performs the duties of an executor without intervention by the court.
A sentence of imprisonment to a specified minimum and maximum period of time, specifically authorized by statute, subject to termination by a parole board or other authorized agency after the prisoner has served the minimum term.
A written accusation by a grand jury charging a person with a crime.
Needy or impoverished. A defendant who can demonstrate his or her indigence to the court may be assigned a court-appointed attorney at public expense.
Accusatory document, filed by the prosecutor, detailing the charges against the defendant. An alternative to an indictment, it serves to bring a defendant to trial.
Person's agreement to allow something to happen, such as a medical procedure, that is based on full disclosure of the facts necessary to make an intelligent decision.
In the manner of a pauper. Permission given to a person to sue without payment of court fees on claim of indigence or poverty.
A violation of law not punishable by imprisonment. Minor traffic offenses generally are considered infractions.
A state tax on property that an heir or beneficiary under a will receives from a deceased person's estate. The heir or beneficiary pays this tax.
In criminal law, the hearing at which a judge determines whether there is sufficient evidence against a person charged with a crime to hold him or her for trial. The Constitution bans secret accusations, so initial appearances are public unless the defendant asks otherwise; the accused must be present, though he or she usually does not offer evidence. Also calledfirst appearance.
Writ or order by a court prohibiting a specific action from being carried out by a person or group. A preliminary injunction is granted provisionally, until a full hearing can be held to determine if it should be made permanent.
In court's it refers to persons who present their own case without lawyers. See Pro Se.
Judge's explanation to the jury before it begins deliberations of the questions it must answer and the applicable law governing the case. Also called charge.
Nonphysical items such as stock certificates, bonds, bank accounts, and pension benefits that have value and must be taken into account in estate planning.
- Intentionally causing severe emotional distress by extreme or outrageous conduct.
Provisional; not final. An interlocutory order or an interlocutory appeal concerns only a part of the issues raised in a lawsuit.
Written questions asked by one party in a lawsuit for which the opposing party must provide written answers.
An action by which a third person who may be affected by a lawsuit is permitted to become a party to the suit. Differs from the process of becoming an amicus curiae.
A gift made during the giver's life.
Another name for a living trust.
See descent and distribution statutes.
Dying without a will.
The process by which the property of a person who has died without a will passes on to others according to the state's descent and distribution statutes. If someone dies without a will, and the court uses the state's interstate succession laws, an heir who receives some of the deceased's property is an intestate heir.
A person is an invitee on land if he enters land by invitation; his entry is connected with business being conducted on the land by the possessor of land; and the possessor of land is benefited by the entry.
A trust that, once set up, the grantor may not revoke.
A condition of abnormally increased spontaneous movement (motility) of the small and large intestine, generally stress can contribute to this condition.
An inflammation caused by interference with the blood flow to the large intestine. This lack of blood flow leads to death of tissue.
(1) The disputed point in a disagreement between parties in a lawsuit. (2) To send out officially, as in to issue an order.
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